(Disclaimer: not a coherent essay, more like a list of observations.)
We are in a nonspecific “near future dystopia” (per director’s own program notes). The world is cold and forbidding—marble, hard surfaces, sharp angles, roiling ocean views. It is beautiful to look at, but intimidating, oppressive, and impersonal. The front curtain projection with the opening in the marble wall narrowing in on itself hints at the suffocating forces that will close in on Lucia. (Update: I noticed that the 'porthole' in the marble gets smaller and smaller each time we see it throughout the opera.)
If you were not specifically told this was the near future, it would be easy to believe it was the present. I like the implicit message in that—the dystopia is already here. The fact that I noticed an actual real estate ad in the program with an $11+ million Pac Heights estate for sale that looked remarkably like Enrico’s living room was a nice bonus.
Family ties are important only insofar as they generate wealth or other advantages. Is it a family or a corporation or a political unit or some combination? Enrico is obsessed with power and influence, but also suffers hugely from anxiety. His obsessive tendencies are evidenced in his manner: stiff, doesn’t like to be touched, needs objects to be arranged just so (e.g., Lucia slightly disturbs the objects on his desk and he is immediately concerned with realigning them), always wearing gloves (germ phobic?). This motivating factor behind his actions (being a control freak with crippling anxiety, that is) makes him a more sympathetic character than the typical Enrico, who can be a cookie cutter jerk. And we are being shown perhaps that obsession and mental instability run in the family.
The clothing and mannerisms of the guards in the opening scene suggest a special forces unit—disciplined, impersonal guns for hire; men in black. Normanno and Alisa have severe, almost angular costumes (even Alisa’s bangs are hard-edged). Enrico is elegant and fastidious in his light suit and gloves. Lucia, on the other hand, in her soft, full, princess-like dress and oversized cloak/hood, looks like someone out of another era or even a fairytale; she does not belong in this world.
Enrico’s estate seems to be perched on a rocky cliff. Again, the setting is beautiful but also harsh and bleak. Nothing here is cozy or welcoming. Lucia is the only person or thing here with soft edges.
Lucia’s wedding dress is quite severe, however, with a high neck and tight bodice, very different from the more billowing style she wears when behaving as her true self. Her flowing hair is likewise pulled into a flat, tight style. It is like watching someone in an extremely elegant straitjacket.
The guests’ dresses at the wedding reception seemed to perplex many viewers, since they seemed more old fashioned, with their full skirts, than other clothing in the production. I took them as a nod to recurring/cyclical ‘retro’ fashion trends, the same ideas recycled over and over with a few new touches. The dresses technically are all unique, yet the overall effect (same basic style, same color palette) is of a uniform, and the one whimsical, potentially personalizing touch—an oversized floral hat—is worn by every woman in the room. This is a society of barely veiled conformity.
I love Arturo’s plaid suit, fur-trimmed jacket/cape, and pompadour hairstyle. The plaid is a funny nod to the Scottish setting, and the over-the-top styling of both the clothes and the hair (another recycled retro look, but seen only on him) suggests he is far less fettered by society than those around him. Indeed, he is described as nouveau riche; the rules of how to be rich haven’t been passed down to him over generations. Arturo just wants to have some fun, for chrissake.
I even love Raimondo’s clothing, in that it reminds me of something they might wear on a Star Trek style planet-that-is-similar-to-Earth-but-not-exactly. It’s us, but not quite. What can we learn from this world? This production is asking similar questions.
The chessboard-like floor is probably the most bang-you-on-the-head-symbolic part of the set, but I confess it took me a while into the dress rehearsal before I had the ‘aha’ moment about it, so I wouldn’t call it too heavy-handed. Lots of floors are, in fact, checkered. And of course it makes a point about the situation being primarily a strategic or political game--with Lucia as pawn--and that makes the story’s consequences for Lucia all the more infuriating.
At the dress rehearsal, the ghost version of Lucia that appears at the end had small, delicate antlers on a natural crown; the antlers were gone on opening night. (I had joked on Twitter that Piotr Beczala must have a clause in his contract requiring antlers in every production, since they had featured prominently in Iolanta at the Met as well.) This was the only last minute change I noticed that I thought was unfortunate. The antlers had reinforced the idea of Lucia’s being a gentle, innocent creature pursued by human hunters. The antlers also kept up the feeling that she was somehow of another world.
Some comments I have seen suggest there is an erotic desire in Enrico towards Arturo, but I think that reading is off, or at least is too literal. In the scene where Lucia is finally agreeing to marry Arturo, she is seated with Enrico at her feet, and he behaves like a lover, stroking her skirt and looking up at her longingly. Avarice is expressed as erotic desire. Any similar-seeming urges towards Arturo have the same basis: the passion for wealth has overwhelmed Enrico's capacity to have interpersonal relationships grounded in anything else. The only time Enrico expresses anything like tender emotion is when he is anticipating increased wealth and power. (Update: I noticed later that when Arturo arrives chez Ashton for the wedding, Enrico gets a barely contained look of eagerness on his face, and stands with outstretched arms and wiggling fingers, as if to say, "Ooh, come to daddy!" or maybe just "Gimme gimme.")
I suppose it is a cliche to talk about updating an opera to make it "relevant," but ultimately I think that is what this production does successfully and quite stylishly. The work is presented as written, but these aren't characters distanced from us by time and outdated social customs; these characters might be us.
Update 10/11: Just back from a third viewing, where I noticed another nice touch. When Raimondo comes from the bridal chamber to tell the guests what has happened, he has blood on his hands, and he rubs them together anxiously. This is especially effective as he sings the line (approx.) "I hope this girl's blood-stained hands don't bring the wrath of God down upon us all." He and we all know that he is deeply culpable in this situation (as are all the other primary male characters, down even to Normanno).
I heard someone wonder what was in this for Arturo, since he has the money Enrico craves so badly, and Enrico is on the verge of collapse. But Arturo is an arriviste, and by marrying into an established family (or acquiring insider status at an established, respected corporation, if you want to look at it that way) he is getting something--gravitas--that you can't just buy in the Neiman Marcus catalog. He has plenty to gain from marrying Lucia.
I keep thinking more about Alisa. Her clothing and mannerisms tell us that she is part of this corporate world, but we also see that she has very little power in it. When she tries to persuade Lucia to give up her affair with Edgardo, it is because her insight into the reality of their world tells her that Lucia's romantic sensibility will be her ruin. Throughout the opera we see Alisa trying to argue with the men around her, as if pleading angrily and desperately for her friend; she is repeatedly rebuffed.
Yesterday I heard someone defending Edgardo, saying that he pledged to be faithful and did in fact write letters to Lucia, as promised. But it is a total jerk move to coerce a young woman into being your wife (even if she's just your unauthorized moor-wedding wife) right before you head off to another country for an extended period. This is just a more romantic-seeming way of asking her to wear a chastity belt. I mean, please.
Update 10/21: I noticed a new thing today, from the balcony viewpoint--when Lucia signs the wedding contract, everyone on stage (which includes all the wedding guests) crowds behind her, leaning forward expectantly. It's a nice, almost literal image of social pressure.
Some comments I have seen suggest there is an erotic desire in Enrico towards Arturo, but I think that reading is off, or at least is too literal. In the scene where Lucia is finally agreeing to marry Arturo, she is seated with Enrico at her feet, and he behaves like a lover, stroking her skirt and looking up at her longingly. Avarice is expressed as erotic desire. Any similar-seeming urges towards Arturo have the same basis: the passion for wealth has overwhelmed Enrico's capacity to have interpersonal relationships grounded in anything else. The only time Enrico expresses anything like tender emotion is when he is anticipating increased wealth and power. (Update: I noticed later that when Arturo arrives chez Ashton for the wedding, Enrico gets a barely contained look of eagerness on his face, and stands with outstretched arms and wiggling fingers, as if to say, "Ooh, come to daddy!" or maybe just "Gimme gimme.")
I suppose it is a cliche to talk about updating an opera to make it "relevant," but ultimately I think that is what this production does successfully and quite stylishly. The work is presented as written, but these aren't characters distanced from us by time and outdated social customs; these characters might be us.
Update 10/11: Just back from a third viewing, where I noticed another nice touch. When Raimondo comes from the bridal chamber to tell the guests what has happened, he has blood on his hands, and he rubs them together anxiously. This is especially effective as he sings the line (approx.) "I hope this girl's blood-stained hands don't bring the wrath of God down upon us all." He and we all know that he is deeply culpable in this situation (as are all the other primary male characters, down even to Normanno).
I heard someone wonder what was in this for Arturo, since he has the money Enrico craves so badly, and Enrico is on the verge of collapse. But Arturo is an arriviste, and by marrying into an established family (or acquiring insider status at an established, respected corporation, if you want to look at it that way) he is getting something--gravitas--that you can't just buy in the Neiman Marcus catalog. He has plenty to gain from marrying Lucia.
I keep thinking more about Alisa. Her clothing and mannerisms tell us that she is part of this corporate world, but we also see that she has very little power in it. When she tries to persuade Lucia to give up her affair with Edgardo, it is because her insight into the reality of their world tells her that Lucia's romantic sensibility will be her ruin. Throughout the opera we see Alisa trying to argue with the men around her, as if pleading angrily and desperately for her friend; she is repeatedly rebuffed.
Yesterday I heard someone defending Edgardo, saying that he pledged to be faithful and did in fact write letters to Lucia, as promised. But it is a total jerk move to coerce a young woman into being your wife (even if she's just your unauthorized moor-wedding wife) right before you head off to another country for an extended period. This is just a more romantic-seeming way of asking her to wear a chastity belt. I mean, please.
Update 10/21: I noticed a new thing today, from the balcony viewpoint--when Lucia signs the wedding contract, everyone on stage (which includes all the wedding guests) crowds behind her, leaning forward expectantly. It's a nice, almost literal image of social pressure.
4 comments:
Hoo-boy — I asked you to make your case and you did it in spades! This is so annoyingly smart and persuasive that I have to concede, and wonder what else I missed.
I don't read Enrico's attachment to Arturo as purely erotic desire, per se. I did also notices his grasping enthusiasm when Arturo appears, and initially read it as an extension of Enrico's desire for power and status. But then I noticed the crest fallen way Enrico reacts to Arturo's rejection of being looked at like a morsel of food on a desert island. In that moment, Enrico betrays a response that registered to me as a sense of rejection and lack of human connection. Maybe he's the guy the frat doesn't take. Or maybe he has an unrequited emotional attachment to Arturo. But either way, it is the only moment of emotional vulnerability he shows until his shattering pathos upon realizing that his sister is lost to a fatal insanity that he, himself, has caused. In that sense, I read Enrico as partially driven by attachment to Arturo that extends beyond just seeing him as a bank account his sister's marriage will let him cash in on.
I'm JUST catching up here - it's been a long year - and this is excellent and very persuasive.
Haha! Well, if both you and Josh are persuaded then my work here is done. Thanks!
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